Madison County
Madison County, Texas
Madison County is located in central East Texas. Madisonville, the county seat and largest town, is near interstate Highway 45 about 100 miles northwest of Houston; the town is at 30°57' north latitude and 95°55' west longitude, close to the center of the county. Madison County includes 473 square miles primarily of post oak savannah, a mixture of post oak woods and grasslands. The northeast and south central parts of the county are in the Blackland Prairies region; the southeast corner of the county lies in the Piney Woods. Today, about one-fifth of the area is timbered, but early reports describe it as two-thirds timber and one-third prairie. It supported oak, cedar, elm, walnut, hickory, gum, pecan, ash, cypress, and pine. The terrain is undulating, with an elevation ranging from 213 to 364 feet above sea level. The rolling prairies drain to the waterways that form the county's boundaries: the Trinity River in the east, the Navasota River in the west, and Bedias Creek in the south. Numerous other creeks run through the county, notably the Caney, which bisects it. Several soil types are found in the county, which lies principally in the Claypan area. They range from black waxy to light sandy loam around creeks and lower lands, with dark chocolate mixed with sand on the prairie uplands. Almost the entire county is made up of soils with sandy surface layers and mottled yellow, red, and gray loamy subsoils. The northwest portion is surfaced by noncalcareous and calcareous cracking clayey soils and slightly acid soils with loamy surface layers and cracking clayey subsoils. Oil and gas are found in the county, as are lignite, sand, and gravel. Madison County has a mild climate, with an average growing season of 272 days. Its average annual rainfall is 41.50 inches, and temperatures range from a January minimum average of 40° F to a July maximum average of 94°.
Adapted from the official Handbook of Texas, a state encyclopedia developed by the Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). It is an authoritative source of trusted historical records.
Ann E. Hodges | © Texas State Historical Association
Madison County at a Glance
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County Map of Texas
Madison County
- Madison County
Currently Exists
Yes
Place type
Madison County is classified as a County
Altitude Range
131 ft – 420 ft
Places of Madison County
Noteworthy | Place | Type |
---|---|---|
Antioch | Town | |
Bucareli | Town | |
Canary | Town | |
Collard's | Town | |
Concord | Town | |
Connor | Town | |
Cosmos | Town | |
Cottonwood | Town | |
Cross Roads | Town | |
Crow | Town | |
Davy's | Town | |
Dean | Town | |
Dingerville | Town | |
Dull | Town | |
Elwood | Town | |
Elwood | Town | |
Europe | Town | |
French | Town | |
George | Town | |
Hackberry | Town | |
Hennessy | Town | |
High Prairie | Town | |
Hollis | Town | |
Hopewell | Town | |
Islana | Town | |
Island | Town | |
Jenkins | Town | |
Jozye | Town | |
Keziah | Town | |
Laceola | Town | |
Larrison | Town | |
Leota | Town | |
Madison | Town | |
Madisonville | Town | |
McWhorter | Town | |
Mecca | Town | |
Midway | Town | |
Mitchells | Town | |
Neal | Town | |
Normangee | Town | |
North Zulch | Town | |
Osceola | Town | |
Ottawa | Town | |
Parkville | Town | |
Plunkett | Town | |
Randolph | Town | |
Robbins's Ferry | Town | |
Robinson's | Town | |
Rogers Prairie | Town | |
Salcedo | Town | |
Searcy | Town | |
Shady Grove | Town | |
Shannon | Town | |
Shiloh | Town | |
Sky | Town | |
Spanish Bluff | Town | |
Tenmile | Town | |
Trinidad | Town | |
Udolpho | Town | |
Utah | Town | |
Willow Hole | Town | |
Zulch | Town | |
Zulrich | Town |
Photos of Madison County and surrounding areas
Madison County, Texas
The Madison County Museum is located in the county's seat, Madisonville, Texas. Photograph by Billy Hathorn.

Madison County, Texas
Map of Madison County, Texas. Map Credit: Robert Plocheck.


Madisonville, Texas
View of downtown Madisonville, the seat of Madison County, Texas. Photograph by Renelibrary. Madisonville

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Madison County by the Numbers
Population & Civilian Labor Counts
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Population Counts
Madison County
Pop. | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
14,284 | 2019 | United States Census Bureau |
Civilian Labor Counts
Madison County
People | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
4,331 | 2019 | Texas Workforce Commission |
Per Capita Income
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Per Capita Income (USD) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
$30,435 | 2019 | U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis |
Property Values, Retail Sales, and Wages
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Property Values
Madison County
USD ($) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
2,130,996,089 | 2019 | State Property Tax Board |
Retail Sales
Madison County
USD ($) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
283,144,205 | 2019 | State Comptroller of Public Accounts |
Wages
Madison County
USD ($) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
44,523,005 | 2019 | Texas Workforce Commission |
Unemployment
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Unemployment Percentage | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
8.5 | 2019 | Texas Workforce Commission |
Rainfall
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Rainfall (inches) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
45.1 | 2019 | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
Temperature Ranges
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Min. (January Average, °F) | Max. (July Average, °F) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|---|
36.9 | 94.4 | 2019 | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
Land Area & Total Area
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Land Area
Madison County
Area (square miles) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
466.1 | 2019 | United States Census Bureau |
Total Area
Madison County
Area (square miles) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
472.4 | 2019 | United States Census Bureau |