Panola County

Panola County, Texas

Panola County, Texas

View of the Panola County Heritage Museum in the county seat, the city of Carthage, Texas. Photograph by Michael Barera.

Panola County is in northeastern Texas, bordered on the east by Louisiana, on the south by Shelby County, on the west by Rusk County, and on the north by Harrison County. The center of the county lies at 32°10' north latitude and 94°20' west longitude. Carthage, the county seat, is twenty-six miles south of Marshall, sixty-five miles southeast of Tyler, and fifty miles north of Nacogdoches. The name Panola is derived from ponolo, the Cherokee word for "cotton." Located in the East Texas Timberlands region, Panola County covers 842 square miles of gentle rolling plains and small hills drained by the Sabine River, which cuts across the county diagonally from northwest to southeast. Trees in the county include short-leaf and loblolly pine, oak, maple, hickory, elm, and gum, as well as wild fruit trees such as the plum or sloe and flowering trees such as dogwood, redbud, magnolia, cedar, and holly. Scenic trails pass through 4,000 acres of timberland owned by the International Paper Company. The woodland, once densely populated with small game, now supports deer, squirrel, and quail hunting in season. New stocks of wild turkey have been placed in local forests, but they are still protected from hunters. Freshwater lakes include Hendrick's Lake, Hill's Lake, Clear Lake, and Fish Lake. Reservoirs built in recent years include Murvaul Lake, Martin Lake, and Toledo Bend. The soil is largely sandy loam with clay subsoil. Annual rainfall in Panola County averages 43.9 inches; temperatures range from an average low of 34° F in January to an average high of 94° in July. The growing season lasts 240 days. The county derives much of its income from the extraction of oil, gas, and coal; in 1990, 1,356,000 barrels of crude oil were produced in the county. Other industries include sawmills, poultry and egg processing, and the manufacture of plastic products.

Adapted from the official Handbook of Texas, a state encyclopedia developed by the Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). It is an authoritative source of trusted historical records.

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County Map of Texas

Panola County

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  • Panola County

Currently Exists

Yes

Place type

Panola County is classified as a County

Altitude Range

172 ft – 548 ft

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Panola County by the Numbers

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Population Counts

Panola County
Pop. Year Source
23,194 2019 United States Census Bureau

Civilian Labor Counts

Panola County
People Year Source
10 2019 Texas Workforce Commission

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Per Capita Income (USD) Year Source
$43,508 2019 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

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Property Values

Panola County
USD ($) Year Source
4,278,566,440 2019 State Property Tax Board

Retail Sales

Panola County
USD ($) Year Source
262,279,747 2019 State Comptroller of Public Accounts

Wages

Panola County
USD ($) Year Source
104,311,397 2019 Texas Workforce Commission

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Unemployment Percentage Year Source
9.0 2019 Texas Workforce Commission

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Rainfall (inches) Year Source
51.4 2019 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

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Min. (January Average, °F) Max. (July Average, °F) Year Source
35.2 93.0 2019 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

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Land Area

Panola County
Area (square miles) Year Source
801.8 2019 United States Census Bureau

Total Area

Panola County
Area (square miles) Year Source
821.3 2019 United States Census Bureau