Caldwell County

Caldwell County, Texas
Caldwell County, 120 miles inland from the Gulf of Mexico in south central Texas, is bordered by Bastrop, Fayette, Gonzales, Guadalupe, Hays, and Travis counties. Lockhart, the county seat, is at the intersection of U.S. Highway 183 and Farm Road 20, thirty miles south of Austin and seventy miles northeast of San Antonio. The county's center lies four miles southeast of Lockhart at approximately 29°50' north latitude and 97°37' west longitude. The county comprises roughly 546 square miles of flat to rolling terrain with elevations ranging from 375 to 500 feet above sea level. It is bisected from southwest to northeast by the Luling-Darst Creek fault zone. The northwest part of the county is in the blackland prairie region, where the terrain is low-rolling to flat and tall grasses and mesquite flourish in the black, waxy soils. The southeastern half of the county is more hilly, and the sandy soils support a wider variety of vegetation, including hardwoods such as oak and elm as well as mesquite and grasses. The county is almost entirely within the Guadalupe River basin; it is drained primarily by Plum Creek and its tributaries, and by the San Marcos River, which forms the boundary with Guadalupe County. Wildlife in the area includes deer, javelinas, coyotes, bobcats, beavers, otters, foxes, raccoons, skunks, turkeys, squirrels, and a variety of small birds, fish, and reptiles. Among the county's mineral resources are clay, industrial sand, gravel, oil, and gas. The climate is subtropical and humid, with an average minimum temperature of 38° F in January and an average high temperature of 96° F in July. The growing season averages 274 days annually, and the rainfall averages thirty-five inches.
Adapted from the official Handbook of Texas, a state encyclopedia developed by the Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). It is an authoritative source of trusted historical records.
Vivian Elizabeth Smyrl | © Texas State Historical Association
Caldwell County at a Glance
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County Map of Texas
Caldwell County
- Caldwell County
Currently Exists
Yes
Place type
Caldwell County is classified as a County
Altitude Range
315 ft – 736 ft
Places of Caldwell County
Photos of Caldwell County and surrounding areas

Caldwell County, Texas
City Park Pier in the City of Lockhart, Caldwell County, Texas. Photograph by Ray Shrewsberry, Pixabay.

Caldwell County, Texas
Map of Caldwell County, Texas. Image Credit: Robert Plocheck.

San Marcos, Texas
The historic district in dowtown San Marcos, the seat of Hays County. Photograph by Larry D. Moore. San Marcos

Lockhart, Texas
Downtown Lockhart, Texas. Photograph by Aleksomber. Lockhart

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Caldwell County by the Numbers
Population & Civilian Labor Counts
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Population Counts
Caldwell County
Pop. | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
43,664 | 2019 | United States Census Bureau |
Civilian Labor Counts
Caldwell County
People | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
19,148 | 2019 | Texas Workforce Commission |
Per Capita Income
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Per Capita Income (USD) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
$33,668 | 2019 | U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis |
Property Values, Retail Sales, and Wages
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Property Values
Caldwell County
USD ($) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
3,576,867,106 | 2019 | State Property Tax Board |
Retail Sales
Caldwell County
USD ($) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
388,422,490 | 2019 | State Comptroller of Public Accounts |
Wages
Caldwell County
USD ($) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
88,812,292 | 2019 | Texas Workforce Commission |
Unemployment
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Unemployment Percentage | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
7.4 | 2019 | Texas Workforce Commission |
Rainfall
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Rainfall (inches) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
35.9 | 2019 | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
Temperature Ranges
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Min. (January Average, °F) | Max. (July Average, °F) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|---|
37.8 | 94.8 | 2019 | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
Land Area & Total Area
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Land Area
Caldwell County
Area (square miles) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
545.3 | 2019 | United States Census Bureau |
Total Area
Caldwell County
Area (square miles) | Year | Source |
---|---|---|
547.2 | 2019 | United States Census Bureau |